GeoTechEco Journal

China’s quest to conquer water and power has produced some of the most ambitious infrastructure projects on Earth — none more monumental or controversial than its mega-dams. At the heart of this legacy stands the Three Gorges Dam , a colossal hydropower project that reshaped the Yangtze River and, in many ways, defined China’s modern industrial ambition. But as Beijing pushes forward with yet larger projects — including plans for what may become the largest hydroelectric installation in human history — the debate over the true cost of these mega-dams has never been fiercer. A Colossus on the Yangtze: The Three Gorges Dam Stretching across the mighty Yangtze River near Yichang in central China, the Three Gorges Dam is the world’s largest hydroelectric power station by installed capacity. Constructed over more than a decade, it transformed a rugged gorge into a smooth expanse of engineered water and steel. With a capacity of 22,500 megawatts , the dam produces more electricity than any...

Ankara — Libya’s army chief of staff, General Mohammed Ali Ahmed al-Haddad, was killed on Tuesday in a plane crash in Turkey as he returned from high-level defense meetings in Ankara , a development that sent shockwaves through the already fragile political and military landscape of Libya and reverberated across a region already grappling with shifting alliances and deepening arms flows. The private Falcon 50 business jet carrying al-Haddad and four senior Libyan military officials lost contact with air traffic control shortly after departing Ankara’s Esenboğa Airport for Tripoli , according to Turkish authorities. Radio contact was lost roughly 40-45 minutes after takeoff as the aircraft attempted to return to the airport, reporting an emergency before communications abruptly ceased. Wreckage was later found in a rural area near the Haymana district south of Ankara , and all aboard were confirmed dead. Libyan Prime Minister Abdulhamid Dbeibah described the crash as a “tragic and painf...

In a development that has stunned diplomats and raised urgent legal and ethical questions, Pakistan has concluded one of the largest weapons sales in its history — a deal exceeding $4 billion to supply military hardware to the Libyan National Army (LNA) , officials say. The agreement, confirmed by four Pakistani defense sources who spoke on condition of anonymity, was formalized after a high-level meeting in Benghazi between Pakistan’s military leadership and LNA commanders last week. The transaction underscores shifting alliances in global arms markets, the volatility of Libya’s fractured security landscape, and Islamabad’s ambitions to position its defense industry as a major supplier beyond traditional partners. But it also places Pakistan squarely at the center of an international controversy : The deal comes despite a United Nations arms embargo on Libya that has been in effect since 2011, intended to curb the flow of weapons into a country still splintered by civil conflict. Wh...